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YAPPN CORP. - 10-K - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.(Edgar Glimpses Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with (i) audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013 and the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) to May 31, 2014 and the notes thereto and (ii) the section entitled "Business", included elsewhere in this report. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All references to dollar amounts in this section are in U.S. dollars unless expressly stated otherwise. Overview We were originally incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 3, 2010 under the name of "Plesk Corp." Our initial business plan was to import consumer electronics, home appliances and plastic house wares. In March 2013, we changed our name to YAPPN Corp. and entered into an asset purchase agreement to acquire a prospective social media platform. We have abandoned our original business plan and operate a social media platform that will host multi-language conversations based on different topics, such as interests, brands, and activities, in an environment that incentivizes user engagement through rewards and other gamification features. The social media platform include the Yappn chat platform, Yappn tool set and FotoYapp, each in different states of development and commercialization. 22 For the years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, we had revenues of $37,135 and $0, respectively. The lack of operating revenue together with the costs we incurred for development of our business and products resulted in net losses and comprehensive losses of $2,641,473 and $7,441,637 for the years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. For the year ended May 31, 2014, we had assets totaling $992,002, liabilities totaling $7,046,301 and a stockholders' deficit of $10,138,108. For the year ended May 31, 2013, we had assets totaling $307,595, liabilities totaling $7,729,233 and a stockholders' deficit of $7,421,638. Research and Development We have incurred research and development expenses related to software development totaling $1,375,112 and $197,275 for the years ended May 31, 2014 and May 31, 2013, respectively and $1,572,387 from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014. The research and development costs consisted of developmental services provided by Intertainment Media, Inc., of $947,108 and external consultants fees of $625,279. Critical Accounting Policies General The consolidated financial statements and notes included in our quarterly and annual financial statements contain information that is pertinent to this management's discussion and analysis. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities, and affect the disclosure of any contingent assets and liabilities. We believe these accounting policies involve judgment due to the sensitivity of the methods, assumptions, and estimates necessary in determining the related asset and liability amounts. The significant accounting policies are described in the notes to our financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company estimates the fair value of financial instruments using the available market information and valuation methods. Considerable judgment is required in estimating fair value. Accordingly, the estimates of fair value may not be indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The Company follows FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("Paragraph 820-10-35-37") to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. US GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three (3) broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three (3) levels of fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. The warrants and the convertible promissory notes and debentures are classified as Level 2 financial liabilities. 23 Fair Value of Preferred Stock and Warrants Derivative Instruments The Company entered into subscription agreements whereby it sold Units consisting of one share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and one warrant to purchase one share of the Company's common stock. Both the preferred stock and the warrant initially had price protection provisions and when such provisions are present, the instruments are treated as liabilities rather than as equity instruments resulting from the variability caused by the favorable terms to the holders. The Series A Preferred Stock and the five year warrants provide the holder with full anti-dilution ratchet provisions that provide the holder with a potential increase in the amount of common stock exchanged or a reduction in the exercise price of the instruments should the Company subsequently issue stock or securities convertible into common stock at a price lower than the stated exercise price. The Company also issued other five year warrants as part of a subscription agreements that included convertible promissory notes, debentures and line of credit, some of which have similar price protection provisions that expire after twelve months. Upon expiration of the price protection, the instruments will be treated as an equity instrument. The Series A Preferred Stock ratchet provisions end after twelve months and as such any unconverted preferred shares are no longer treated as a liability, but as an equity instrument. When applicable, the instruments are measured at fair value using a binomial lattice valuation methodology and are included in the consolidated balance sheets as derivative liabilities. Both unrealized and realized gains and losses related to the derivatives are recorded based on the changes in the fair values and are reflected as a financing expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Hybrid Financial Instruments For certain hybrid financial instruments, the Company elected to apply the fair value option to account for these instruments. The Company made an irrevocable election to measure such hybrid financial instruments at fair value in their entirety, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings at each balance sheet date. The election may be made on an instrument by instrument basis. Fair Value of Convertible Notes The Company has issued convertible notes that are convertible into common stock, at the option of the holder, at conversion prices based on the trading price per share over a period of time. As a result of the variability in the amount of common stock to be issued, these instruments are reflected at fair value. These instruments are measured at the greater of the present value of the note discounted at market rates and the value using a binomial lattice valuation methodology and are included in the consolidated balance sheets under the caption "convertible notes at fair value". Any unrealized and realized gains and losses related to the convertible notes are recorded based on the changes in the fair values and are reflected as financing expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Estimates The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, and revenues and expenses for the periods from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014. The Company's significant estimates include the fair value of financial instruments including the underlying assumptions to estimate the fair value of derivative financial instruments and convertible notes and the valuation allowance of deferred tax assets. Management regularly reviews its estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such reviews, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. These significant accounting estimates bear the risk of change due to the fact that there are uncertainties attached to those estimates and certain estimates are difficult to measure or value. 24 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS For the Years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013 Revenues We generated revenues of $37,135 and $0, for the years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The lack of revenues reflect the fact that our social media platform and related products have not been fully commercialized. The revenues recognized were to only a few clients and were short term in nature. Cost of revenue We incurred costs of revenue of $26,155 and $0, for the years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These costs were directly attributable to the revenues generated and resulted in a gross profit of $10,980 and $0, for the years ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Total operating expenses During the years ended May 31, 2014 and May 31, 2013, total operating expenses were $4,090,835 and $584,353, respectively. For the year ended May 31, 2014 the operating expenses consisted primarily of marketing expense of $585,272, research and development expenses of $1,375,112, general and administrative expenses of $1,332,000, legal and professional fees of $355,518, and consulting fees of $442,933. For the comparable year ended May 31, 2013, the operating expenses consisted of marketing expenses of $15,465, research and development expenses of $197,275, general and administrative expenses of $138,690, legal and professional fees of $112,221 and consulting fees of $120,221. In 2013, we changed our business plan in our fiscal fourth quarter. Prior to that quarter, expenses were incurred supporting an electronics business that was not successful. Beginning in the fiscal fourth quarter of our year ending May 31, 2013, with the change in strategy, we incurred expenses that related to developing our multi-language platform. Our operating expenses have increased in 2014 in comparison to the fiscal year 2013 as we have continued the course started in the fourth quarter of 2013 to develop and market our social media platform and related products. Research and development expenses incurred to develop both the software and the website increased by $1,177,837 from the year ended May 31, 2013 and have averaged approximately $350,000 per quarter for the year ended May 31, 2014. These research and development expenses are primarily for fees to technology consultants from Intermedia and Ortsbo. As the social media platform and products become commercialized we expect the costs of research and development to decrease, but would expect maintenance costs on the social media platform to increase. Other operating expenses also increased and the costs for the year ended May 31, 2014 are more indicative of the normal annual run rate expected. General and administrative expenses totaled $1,332,000, an increase of $1,204,503 from the prior year. General and administrative expenses include fees for CEO and CFO services, administrative services for accounting and finance, outside consulting costs for business development, costs for investor relations and general business needs and averaged approximately $325,000 per quarter. These costs have grown as we have worked to develop a customer base and meet the needs of investors to finance our operation. Many of the fees of the firms providing these services were paid with common stock. Professional fees increased by $243,297 from the prior year and were incurred primarily by the use of legal counsel related to financing arrangements for debt and equity during the year. These costs also include accounting and auditing fees. We expect our legal expenses to vary from period to period based upon our corporate needs. Consulting fees increased by $322,712 and were primarily consulting service costs for third party consultants. We have used a number of different outside firms to provide strategic position of our products, markets and customer introductions. Many of the fees of the firms providing these services were paid with common stock. 25 Total other expenses Other (income) expenses totaled $(1,438,382) and $6,857,284, for the years ended May 31, 2014 and May 31, 2013, respectively. The change of $8,295,666 is primarily due to the change in the fair value of derivative financial instruments. Many of our financing instruments are either convertible into our common stock or have provisions that provide an option to convert into our common stock. For accounting purposes we are required to value such instruments at fair value which can fluctuate as the market price of our common stock fluctuates. During the year ended May 31, 2014, total other (income) of $1,438,382 consisted of interest expense of $110,611, financing expenses related to private placement of convertible notes and debentures, preferred stock and warrants that are considered derivative liabilities totaling $4,737,726, a gain resulting from the change in fair value of the derivative liabilities and convertible notes of $6,318,613 and other miscellaneous expense of $31,894. During the year ended May 31, 2013, total other expenses of $6,857,284 consisted of interest expense of $1,000, financing expenses paid for private placement assistance totaling cash paid of $34,036 and amount accrued for warrants to be issued of $63,108, financing expenses on the issuance of derivative liabilities of $6,364,556 and a change in fair value of the derivative liabilities of $394,584. Our other expenses have increased in 2014 related to the costs of our financial instruments and raising capital offset by gains resulting from revaluation of our derivative liabilities and convertible notes. Interest expense on our notes payable totaled $110,611, which is an increase of $109,661 from the prior year when we minimal interest bearing debt. During the years ended May 31, 2014 and May 31, 2013, we raised $3,860,093 and $771,000, respectively, in cash from short term notes payable, line of credit, convertible notes and debentures and preferred stock through normal channels and private placements. For accounting purposes, since certain financial instruments had convertible provisions and in some cases provisions that protect the holder by including full ratchet anti-dilution measures, they are treated as derivatives liabilities and are valued using a binomial lattice fair value model upon inception and adjusted accordingly to market at the close of the period. The financing expense associated with the capital raises were $4,737,726 and $6,461,700, for the years ended May 31, 2014 and May 31, 2013, respectively. Our financing expenses of $6,461,700 for the year ended May 31, 2013 related to our raising capital by issuing 7,710,000 units of preferred stock and warrants for $771,000. The financing expense resulted from calculating the fair value of the instruments using the binomial lattice model with a primary parameter being the market price of the common stock on the issuance date for the two tranches of $0.50 and $0.55. The same binomial lattice methodology was used for the year ending May 31, 2014 when we raised capital using various instruments, however the market price of our common stock ranged from $0.05 to $0.72 on the commitment dates for those instruments. For the year ended May 31, 2014, as the market price of the common stock declined and the fair value calculation resulted in gains from the changes of the fair value of the instruments. The changes in market value of our common stock coupled with the other parameters used in the binomial lattice model for all instruments marked to market, resulted in a gain of $6,318,613 for the year ended May 31, 2014 versus a loss of $394,584, a change of $6,713,197. Net loss and comprehensive loss During the year ended May 31, 2014 and 2013, we had a net loss and comprehensive loss of $2,641,473 and $7,441,637, respectively. 26 For the Period from November 3, 2010 (inception) to May 31, 2014 Revenues We had $43,051 of revenues for the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014. The lack of revenues reflect the fact that our social media platform and related products have not been fully commercialized. The revenues recognized were to only a few clients and were short term in nature. Cost of revenue We incurred costs of revenue of $29,278 for the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014. These costs were directly attributable to the revenues generated and resulted in a gross profit of $13,773 for the period. Total operating expenses During the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014, total operating expenses were $4,732,981, resulting in a loss from operations of $4,719,208. The operating expenses consisted of marketing of $601,160, research and development expenses of $1,572,387, general and administrative expenses of $1,476,811, professional fees of $457,920, and consulting fees of $624,703. In 2013, we changed our business plan in our fiscal fourth quarter. Prior to that quarter, expenses were incurred supporting an electronics business that was not successful. Our operating expenses have increased in 2014 as we continued developing our multi-language platform and website. Research and development expenses are for consulting fees of technology consultants incurred to develop both the software and the website and have totaled $1,572,387 from inception. All of our research and development costs have been incurred since the fourth quarter of the 2013 fiscal year. These research and development expenses are primarily for fees to technology consultants from Intertainment Media and Ortsbo. As the social media platform and products become commercialized we expect the costs of research and development to decrease, but would expect maintenance costs on the social media platform to increase. General and administrative expenses totaled $1,476,811 since inception. These expenses are primarily fees for CEO and CFO services, administrative services for accounting and finance, outside consulting costs for business development, costs for investor relations and general business needs and averaged approximately $325,000 per quarter. These costs have grown as we have worked to develop a customer base and meet the needs of investors to finance our operation. The fees for CEO and CFO services and administrative services for accounting and general business needs are primarily being provided by our parent, Intertainment Media, Inc. Many of the fees of the firms providing these services were paid with common stock. Professional fees totaled $457,920 since inception and were incurred primarily for use of legal counsel related to financing arrangements for preferred stock, convertible promissory notes and warrants and for accounting and auditing services. We expect our professional fees to vary from period to period based upon our corporate needs. Consulting fees of $624,703 were incurred primarily for consulting service costs for third party consultants. We have used a number of different outside firms to provide strategic position of our products, markets and customer introductions. Many of the fees of the firms providing these services were paid with common stock. Total other expenses During the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) though May 31, 2014, total other expenses were $5,418,900. The other expenses consisted of interest expense of $111,611, financing expenses paid for issuance of short term loans, convertible notes, preferred stock and warrants of $11,193,427 offset by a gain from the change in fair value of the derivative liabilities and convertible notes of $5,924,029 and miscellaneous expense of $31,891. The majority of our other expenses relate to the costs of our financing arrangements and the changes in the fair values of those financial instruments used. Aside from those items we incurred interest expenses on our short term debt and notes of $111,611 and miscellaneous expense of $31,891 from inception. 27 Our financing expense since inception totaled $11,193,427. Since inception we have raised $4,666,819 from the issuance of short term loans, convertible notes, line of credit, preferred stock and warrants through normal channels and private placements. For accounting purposes, since certain financial instruments had convertible provisions and in some cases, provisions that protect the holder by including full ratchet anti-dilution measures, they are treated as derivatives liabilities and are valued using a fair value model upon inception and adjusted accordingly to market at the close of the period. The financing expense resulted from calculating the fair value of the instruments using the binomial lattice model with a primary parameter being the market price of the common stock on the issuance date which ranged from $0.05 to $0.72 over this time period. Our financial instruments are marked to market at the end of every reporting period and the change in fair value is recorded as other expense. From inception we have recognized a gain of $5,924,029 from marking the financial instruments to market. The gains resulting from the change in fair value of derivative liabilities and convertible notes primarily occurred in the year ended May 31, 2014, as the market price of our common stock fluctuated. Those changes in market price of our common stock coupled with the other parameters used in the binomial lattice model, resulted in a gain. Net loss and comprehensive loss During the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014, we had a net loss and comprehensive loss of $10,138,108. Liquidity and Capital Resources As of May 31, 2014, we had a cash balance of $988,692, which is an increase of $771,655 from the ending cash balance of $217,037 as of May 31, 2013. We do not have sufficient funds to fund our expenses over the next twelve months. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to us. Since we have no other financial arrangements or plans currently in effect, our inability to raise funds for the above purposes will have a severe negative impact on our ability to remain a viable going concern. To fund our operations during the year ended May 31, 2014, we have issued convertible preferred stock, short term notes, convertible debt instruments and warrants under various subscription private placements to accredited investors for total cash receipts of $3,860,093. We have used this financing for funding operations and replacing short term high cost debt instruments with lower cost longer term financial instruments where the economics made sense. We estimate we will need additional capital to cover our ongoing expenses and to successfully market our product offerings. This is only an estimate and may change as we receive feedback from customers and have a better understanding of the demand for our application and the ability to generate revenues from our new products. Both of these factors may change and we may not be able to raise the necessary capital and if we are able to, that it may not be at favorable rates. Going Concern Consideration We incurred net losses and comprehensive losses totaling $10,138,108 for the period from November 3, 2010 (inception) through May 31, 2014. At May 31, 2014 we had total assets of $992,002 and liabilities totaling $7,046,301 and a working capital deficit of $1,116,688. These factors raise substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. Our independent auditors have included an explanatory paragraph, specifically Footnote 2, in their audit report on our financial statements for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2014 regarding concerns about our ability to continue as a going concern. Implementation of our business plan will require additional debt or equity financing and there can be no assurance that additional financing can be obtained on acceptable terms. We are in the development stage, and have limited revenues to cover our operating costs. As such, we have incurred an operating loss since inception. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to raise adequate capital to fund operating losses until we are able to engage in profitable business operations. This and other factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our continuation as a going concern is dependent on our ability to meet our obligations, to obtain additional financing as may be required and ultimately to attain profitability. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 28 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We have no off-balance sheet arrangements. |